¿Sabe usted qué es la enfermedad celíaca? Quizás la podría tener y no se ha dado cuenta. Según estudios recientes, esta dolencia se ha cuadriplicado a través de los años y lo que preocupa a los médicos es el aumento significativo.
La enfermedad celíaca es hereditaria y autoinmune, cuando la corteza del intestino delgado resulta dañado por la ingestión de gluten y otras proteínas que se encuentran en el trigo, la cebada, el centeno y posiblemente la avena, según la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM por sus siglas en inglés).
Desde 1950 hasta el momento, la enfermedad se ha vuelto cuatro veces más común, según una investigación publicada recientemente en la revista Gastroenterology del mes de julio. Lo preocupante es que el estudio también descubrió que las personas que no sabían sobre su enfermedad habían cuadriplicado sus posibilidades de morir.
“Realmente no sabemos por qué se ha vuelto una enfermedad tan común”, dijo Joseph Murray, gastroenterólogo de la Mayo Clinic, y quien dirigió el estudio.
“En la actualidad, esta enfermedad afecta a alrededor de una de cada cien personas. Se demostró además que la enfermedad celíaca no diagnosticada o silenciosa, podría repercutir de manera importante sobre la supervivencia del individuo. La prevalencia en aumento, combinada a la repercusión de la mortalidad, plantean que la enfermedad celíaca puede ser un gran problema para la salud pública”, dijo Murray.
Se desconoce la causa exacta de la enfermedad celíaca. Los intestinos contienen proyecciones (llamadas vellosidades) que absorben los nutrientes, pero en las personas con el mal sin diagnosticar ni tratar, estas vellosidades se tornan planas, lo cual afecta su capacidad para absorber los nutrientes en forma apropiada, según informa la NLM.
El gluten, proteína que proviene del trigo o la cebada, desencadena un ataque por parte del sistema inmunológico que daña el vello del intestino delgado. El vello intestinal es una proyección con forma similar a los dedos que aumentan en la superficie intestinal para la absorción de nutrientes.
Esta enfermedad se puede presentar en cualquier momento de la vida desde la lactancia hasta la adultez avanzada. Aquellas personas con familiares que padezcan esta enfermedad están en mayor riesgo de padecerla y, por lo general, las mujeres son más afectadas que los hombres.
Entre los síntomas de esta enfermedad se encuentran la diarrea, molestia abdominal, pérdida de peso inexplicable, anemia, infertilidad sin explicación, perdida de dientes e incluso osteoporosis prematura, según la Mayo Clinic.
En el estudio publicado en la revista Gastroenterology, los científicos descubrieron que la gente joven tiene una probabilidad 4,5 veces mayor de padecer la enfermedad celíaca que la de los adultos nacidos en la década de los años 50.
Según Murray, la enfermedad celíaca no es muy común, pero tampoco considerada “rara” como antes. Por el contrario, cada vez es más común ver en los supermercados productos con la etiqueta “gluten free” o “sin gluten”.
El médico advirtió que, con base en su investigación, algunas veces los síntomas de esta enfermedad pueden variar y pueden llegar a confundirse con los de otras enfermedades más comunes, tales como el síndrome de colon irritable.
“Algunos estudios sugirieron que por cada persona diagnosticada con la enfermedad celíaca, posiblemente hay 30 más que la tienen pero no reciben ese diagnóstico. Dado que nuestro estudio demostró el riesgo de mortalidad debido a que la enfermedad celíaca silenciosa casi se ha cuadruplicado, es importante que pacientes y profesionales de la salud consideren la posibilidad de la enfermedad celíaca”, dijo Murray.
Posibles tratamientos para la enfermedad celíaca
Las personas afectadas deben seguir una dieta libre de gluten de por vida, lo cual permite la recuperación de las vellosidades intestinales. Hay que eliminar los alimentos, bebidas y medicamentos que contengan trigo, centeno, cebada y posiblemente avena.
Aquellos que sufran de la enfermedad celíaca deben leer las etiquetas de los alimentos y fármacos con mucho cuidado para verificar las fuentes ocultas de estos granos y sus derivados.
Dado que el trigo y la cebada se encuentran abundantemente en la dieta estadounidense, el tratamiento es un reto, pero se puede alcanzar la meta de curación con educación y cuidadosaplanificación.
La dieta libre de gluten no se debe iniciar antes de contar con un diagnóstico, ya que hacerlo de esta manera afectará las pruebas futuras para determinar esta enfermedad.
Después del diagnóstico, se recomienda consultar con un dietista profesional especializado en la enfermedad celíaca y dieta libre de gluten. De igual manera, un grupo de apoyo puede ayudarle a la persona a manejar la enfermedad y la dieta.
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Young people are 4.5 times higher probability of developing celiac disease than adults born in the decade of the 50s.
Do you know what is Celiac Disease? Maybe the could have and not noticed. According to recent studies, this condition has quadrupled over the years and what worries doctors is significantly increased.
Celiac disease is hereditary, autoimmune, when the bark of the small intestine is damaged from eating gluten and other proteins found in wheat, barley, rye and possibly oats, according to the National Library of Medicine (NLM by its acronym in English).
From 1950 until now, the disease has become four times more common, according to research published recently in the journal Gastroenterology in July. What is worrying is that the study also found that people who knew about his illness had quadrupled his chances of dying.
"I really do not know why it has become a very common disease," said Joseph Murray, a gastroenterologist at the Mayo Clinic, who led the study.
"Currently, this disease affects about one in every hundred people. We also demonstrated that undiagnosed celiac disease or silent, could have significant consequences on the survival of the individual. The rising prevalence, combined with the impact of mortality, suggest that celiac disease can be a major public health problem, "Murray said.
It is unknown the exact cause of celiac disease. The intestines contain projections (called villi) that absorb nutrients, but in people with undiagnosed or poorly treated, these villi become flattened, which affects their ability to absorb nutrients properly, according to the NLM.
Gluten, a protein that comes from wheat or barley, triggers an attack by the immune system that damages the hair of the small intestine. The intestinal hair is a projection similar to the fingers that increase in the intestinal surface to absorb nutrients.
This disease can occur at any time of life from infancy to late adulthood. Those with a family member with celiac disease are at greater risk for dementia and, in general, women are more affected than men.
Symptoms of the disease include diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, unexplained weight loss, anemia, unexplained infertility, loss of teeth and even premature osteoporosis, according to the Mayo Clinic.
In the study published in the journal Gastroenterology, the scientists found that young people have a 4.5 times higher chance of developing celiac disease than adults born in the decade of the 50s.
According to Murray, celiac disease is not common, but not considered "rare" as before. On the contrary, it is increasingly common sight on supermarket shelves with products labeled "gluten free" or "gluten free".
The doctor warned that, based on their research, sometimes the symptoms of this disease may vary and can be confused with other common diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome.
"Some studies have suggested that for every person diagnosed with celiac disease, possibly there are 30 more who have it but do not receive this diagnosis. Since our study showed the risk of mortality due to silent celiac disease has almost quadrupled, it is important that patients and health professionals should consider celiac disease, "said Murray.
Possible treatments for celiac disease
Affected individuals must follow a gluten-free diet for life, allowing the recovery of intestinal villi. We must eliminate foods, beverages and medications that contain wheat, rye, barley and possibly oats.
Those who suffer from celiac disease to read food labels carefully and drugs for hidden sources of these grains and their derivatives.
Since wheat and barley are found abundantly in the American diet, the treatment is a challenge, but you can achieve the goal of healing and education cuidadosaplanificación.
Gluten-free diet should not be started before having a diagnosis, as do so will affect future tests to determine the disease.
After diagnosis, consult with a registered dietitian who specializes in celiac disease and gluten-free diet. Similarly, a support group can help a person to manage the disease and diet.
Young people are 4.5 times higher probability of developing celiac disease than adults born in the decade of the 50s.
Do you know what is Celiac Disease? Maybe the could have and not noticed. According to recent studies, this condition has quadrupled over the years and what worries doctors is significantly increased.
Celiac disease is hereditary, autoimmune, when the bark of the small intestine is damaged from eating gluten and other proteins found in wheat, barley, rye and possibly oats, according to the National Library of Medicine (NLM by its acronym in English).
From 1950 until now, the disease has become four times more common, according to research published recently in the journal Gastroenterology in July. What is worrying is that the study also found that people who knew about his illness had quadrupled his chances of dying.
"I really do not know why it has become a very common disease," said Joseph Murray, a gastroenterologist at the Mayo Clinic, who led the study.
"Currently, this disease affects about one in every hundred people. We also demonstrated that undiagnosed celiac disease or silent, could have significant consequences on the survival of the individual. The rising prevalence, combined with the impact of mortality, suggest that celiac disease can be a major public health problem, "Murray said.
It is unknown the exact cause of celiac disease. The intestines contain projections (called villi) that absorb nutrients, but in people with undiagnosed or poorly treated, these villi become flattened, which affects their ability to absorb nutrients properly, according to the NLM.
Gluten, a protein that comes from wheat or barley, triggers an attack by the immune system that damages the hair of the small intestine. The intestinal hair is a projection similar to the fingers that increase in the intestinal surface to absorb nutrients.
This disease can occur at any time of life from infancy to late adulthood. Those with a family member with celiac disease are at greater risk for dementia and, in general, women are more affected than men.
Symptoms of the disease include diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, unexplained weight loss, anemia, unexplained infertility, loss of teeth and even premature osteoporosis, according to the Mayo Clinic.
In the study published in the journal Gastroenterology, the scientists found that young people have a 4.5 times higher chance of developing celiac disease than adults born in the decade of the 50s.
According to Murray, celiac disease is not common, but not considered "rare" as before. On the contrary, it is increasingly common sight on supermarket shelves with products labeled "gluten free" or "gluten free".
The doctor warned that, based on their research, sometimes the symptoms of this disease may vary and can be confused with other common diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome.
"Some studies have suggested that for every person diagnosed with celiac disease, possibly there are 30 more who have it but do not receive this diagnosis. Since our study showed the risk of mortality due to silent celiac disease has almost quadrupled, it is important that patients and health professionals should consider celiac disease, "said Murray.
Possible treatments for celiac disease
Affected individuals must follow a gluten-free diet for life, allowing the recovery of intestinal villi. We must eliminate foods, beverages and medications that contain wheat, rye, barley and possibly oats.
Those who suffer from celiac disease to read food labels carefully and drugs for hidden sources of these grains and their derivatives.
Since wheat and barley are found abundantly in the American diet, the treatment is a challenge, but you can achieve the goal of healing and education cuidadosaplanificación.
Gluten-free diet should not be started before having a diagnosis, as do so will affect future tests to determine the disease.
After diagnosis, consult with a registered dietitian who specializes in celiac disease and gluten-free diet. Similarly, a support group can help a person to manage the disease and diet.
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